Blog - Fraud Prevention Insights & Banking Risk Trends

8 Check Fraud Prevention Strategies You Should Implement

Written by VALID Systems | Oct 8, 2025 7:03:21 PM

Check fraud is making a comeback. The 2025 Federal Reserve (AFP) survey reveals that 63% of organizations experienced check fraud in 2024, making it the most targeted payment method.

The problem? Banks are often playing catch-up. With high-quality forgeries and limited hold windows, traditional defenses no longer stand a chance.

But this isn’t a lost battle. The institutions that succeed are those that combine more innovative policies, sharper staff awareness, and real-time analytics.

In this guide, you’ll find eight check fraud prevention strategies you can implement right now to protect your institution without slowing down your customers.

Key takeaways:

  • Check fraud activity remains elevated, with federal agencies warning about rising mail-theft schemes and persistent spikes in check-related SAR filings.
  • Regulation CC drives funds availability timelines, which creates pressure to make risk decisions fast and accurately.
  • The most resilient programs combine risk-based holds, real-time deposit scoring, cross-channel analytics, and consortium data.
  • VALID Systems provides real-time fraud detection, behavioral scoring, and consortium intelligence used by leading U.S. banks.

What is check fraud, and why do prevention strategies matter in 2025?

Check fraud involves unauthorized use, alteration, or counterfeiting of checks to withdraw funds or misappropriate assets illegally.

It encompasses techniques like forged signatures, altered payee names and amounts, check washing (removing original details to rewrite checks), and counterfeit creation.

Even though digital payments dominate the headlines, checks remain one of the most exploited payment methods.

 In 2024, almost two-thirds of organizations reported check fraud, and these incidents accounted for 30 percent of all fraud losses.

Consumers are feeling the impact as well. The FTC reported over 12.5 billion dollars lost to fraud in 2024, up 25 percent from the previous year.

These stats show why check fraud prevention strategies are a top priority in 2025. Without stronger defenses, financial institutions and customers alike remain at risk of mounting losses.

8 check fraud prevention strategies you should implement

Here are eight proven check fraud prevention strategies that banks can implement right now to stay ahead of evolving threats:

1. Establish clear policies and strong controls

The foundation of check fraud prevention is a clear, enforced policy. Formal policies set the expectations and procedures for handling check deposits, validations, and exceptions. They ensure everyone, from tellers to management, follows consistent controls that minimize opportunities for fraud.

A strong policy also keeps your bank in compliance with regulations like the Expedited Funds Availability Act (Regulation CC), which governs how you can place holds on check deposits. By defining risk-based controls upfront, you create a culture of vigilance and close the gaps criminals might otherwise exploit.

Action steps:

  • Put your policy in writing: Detail how checks are accepted, verified, and escalated if something looks off.
  • Use Reg CC holds strategically: Apply extended holds for red-flag situations such as new accounts or unusually large deposits.
  • Set thresholds for review: Require supervisor approval for large or high-risk deposits.
  • Separate duties: No single employee should control every step of a high-value check deposit.
  • Refresh often: Review policies at least once a year, and after every major fraud incident.

2. Invest in staff training and fraud awareness

Your employees are the first line of defense against check fraud. Well-trained staff can spot red flags that machines might miss – if they know what to look for.

Ongoing fraud awareness programs empower tellers, customer service reps, and back-office personnel to recognize suspicious checks or customer behavior and respond appropriately. Training also reinforces the importance of following procedures under pressure.

With fraudsters constantly refining their tactics, a one-and-done training from years ago won’t suffice. You need a culture of continuous learning and alertness.

How to apply it:

  • Teach common scams: Walk staff through check washing, counterfeit designs, and customer scams like fake lottery winnings.
  • Practice inspections: Show tellers how to check security features, use black lights, or spot chemical alteration.
  • Run drills: Simulate scenarios like a customer pressing for instant cash. Role-play helps employees stick to procedure.
  • Keep communication open: Make escalation steps non-punitive and straightforward. Staff should never hesitate to raise a flag.
  • Update often: Share quick updates whenever fraud alerts rise nationwide, such as mail theft surges.

3. Educate and alert your customers

By educating your customers, you reduce the likelihood that they will fall for scams that result in fraudulent checks entering your institution. Moreover, well-informed customers can act as an early warning system by quickly reporting lost/stolen checks or suspicious activity.

Banks that proactively communicate fraud risks not only prevent losses but also build trust with their community (customers feel protected when their bank is watching out for them).

Recommended actions:

  • Share prevention tips: Use your website, mobile app, and branch signage to warn about scams like overpayment checks.
  • Add prompts to digital tools: Display quick reminders in mobile deposit apps, such as “Never send money back after depositing a check.”
  • Promote safer payments: Encourage ACH, bill pay, or card payments for routine transactions.
  • Make reporting simple: Offer a hotline or online form for reporting lost or stolen checks.
  • Host workshops: Partner with postal inspectors or law enforcement to educate your community.

4. Deploy real-time deposit analytics and monitoring

When banks rely on end-of-day batch reviews or manual inspections, fraudsters often slip fraudulent checks through and cash them before anyone notices. That’s why real-time analytics are a cornerstone of modern check fraud defense.

By analyzing each check at the moment of deposit, you can flag suspicious items and take action (hold funds, investigate further) before losses occur. This continuous monitoring across all deposit channels provides a safety net that works 24/7.

How to apply it:

  • Adopt instant screening tools: Look for systems that check images, transaction history, and behavior patterns within seconds.
  • Cover every channel: Monitor checks across ATMs, mobile apps, branches, and ITMs.
  • Set automatic triggers: Configure the system to hold funds or escalate when deposits fall outside normal patterns.
  • Keep models fresh: Regularly update fraud rules and incorporate recent cases to improve detection continually.
  • Link alerts to response: Send your fraud team an immediate alert when high-risk items surface.

Pro tip:

VALID Systems specializes in real-time check fraud screening. For example, VALID’s CheckDetect module screens check deposits across mobile, ATM, and in-branch channels simultaneously. AI flags suspicious items the moment someone deposits them, enabling your team to stop altered or stolen checks before they ever clear.

By integrating such tools, banks have successfully caught over 75% of potential check deposit fraud in advance, drastically reducing surprise losses. It’s like having a digital fraud analyst reviewing every check in the blink of an eye.

Example scenario: Real-time detection saves millions and speeds up deposits

A leading U.S. bank was losing millions to check fraud across branches, ATMs, and mobile deposits. Criminals slipped counterfeit and altered checks through gaps in detection, resulting in significant losses and unhappy customers.

CheckDetect scored every deposit in real time. It flagged high-risk items with instant alerts for review, while legitimate checks cleared quickly without unnecessary holds.

Within six months:

  • Check fraud losses dropped 73 percent
  • False positives fell 40 percent
  • Manual review time decreased by 25 percent

5. Implement advanced verification tools

Technology can augment your defenses beyond basic monitoring. Two categories of tools are especially powerful for check fraud prevention:

  • Customer-issued check verification services (like Positive Pay)
  • Advanced check imaging/AI solutions.

Positive Pay is a service where businesses provide their bank with a list of checks they’ve issued, and the bank confirms any presented checks against that list.

Meanwhile, AI-driven tools can examine check images to detect signs of forgery or tampering that humans might miss, as well as validate elements like signatures and MICR lines automatically.

Action steps:

  • Set up Positive Pay: Match incoming checks against a business’s issued-check file. Any mismatch gets flagged.
  • Detect duplicates: Use digital fingerprinting to spot the same check presented at multiple banks or channels.
  • Add AI image checks: Let software catch subtle alterations in fonts, signatures, or MICR lines.
  • Verify on-us checks: For checks drawn on your own institution, compare signatures and check numbers against internal records.

Pro tip:

Use InteliFUNDS© to remove check deposit losses from your balance sheet. The system makes real-time decisions on every deposit, clearing up to 99 percent of items instantly while isolating the 1 percent that need a hold.

6. Leverage consortium intelligence and information sharing

Fraudsters often operate across multiple institutions, repeating the same scam or exploiting gaps by moving from bank to bank. This is why a consortium approach, where banks share fraud intelligence, is so crucial.

No single institution can see the whole picture if a criminal deposits a bad check at Bank A on Monday and tries another at Bank B on Tuesday. But by tapping into shared data (industry databases, networks, or direct bank-to-bank communication), you gain a broader view of emerging threats and known bad actors.

In fact, FinCEN has strongly encouraged banks to share information under the safe harbor of Section 314(b) of the USA PATRIOT Act as a way to identify and prevent check fraud schemes.

Practical actions:

  • Use 314(b) safe harbor: Share information with other banks about suspected financial crimes without breaching privacy rules.
  • Tap ABA resources: Use the Check Fraud Claim Directory to connect with other institutions quickly.
  • Attend local groups: Join fraud working groups or associations in your region to stay informed about new scams.
  • Contribute data: Feeding your cases back into shared platforms strengthens the whole network.

7. Establish a strong fraud response and recovery plan

While prevention is the primary goal, no system is 100% foolproof. It’s equally important to have a robust plan for responding when check fraud incidents do occur.

A swift, effective reaction can significantly limit financial damage and improve the odds of catching the perpetrators.

Moreover, a well-handled fraud incident can turn a negative event into a trust-building opportunity with customers (showing that your bank takes action and helps make them whole).

Steps to implement:

  • Form a response team: Assign roles for customer contact, investigation, and legal follow-up.
  • Move quickly: Freeze accounts, alert customers, and notify other banks immediately.
  • Use legal tools: File claims under UCC and Reg CC rules to recover funds where possible.
  • File SARs fast: Meet BSA/AML obligations and feed intelligence to law enforcement.
  • Learn from every case: Conduct post-incident reviews and update controls to prevent the same tactic from succeeding again.

8. Modernize legacy rules with adaptive models

For years, banks relied on simple “if X then Y” rules to stop fraud. These item-only rules worked when scams were basic and predictable. Today, fraudsters adapt too quickly. The result is either too many false positives that frustrate customers or too many false negatives that let real fraud slip through.

Adaptive machine learning models solve this problem by analyzing multiple signals at once. Instead of looking at a single data point, they combine account behavior, transaction history, and consortium intelligence to spot patterns that rules alone would miss.

Action steps:

  • Replace outdated rules: Move from item-only checks to hybrid models that use behavior, history, and consortium data.
  • Evaluate by impact: Measure precision, recall, and operational results instead of relying only on hit rate.
  • Test challenger models: Run new models in parallel to compare performance safely.
  • Recalibrate often: Update models regularly to stay aligned with shifting fraud tactics.
  • Monitor daily: Review alerts, refine thresholds, and adjust models as part of routine operations.

Why is VALID Systems the leader in check fraud prevention strategies?

For more than two decades, VALID Systems has helped banks and credit unions stop check fraud before it turns into a loss.

We work with major institutions like PNC Bank, TD Bank, and Truist, processing over $4 trillion in annual check volume. That scale gives us unmatched insight into how fraud evolves and how to stop it.

How VALID strengthens prevention strategies:

  • CheckDetect scores every deposit in real time across mobile, ATM, and branch channels, and it stops fraud before funds are released.
  • InstantFUNDS enables sub-second decisioning for deposits while providing guaranteed funds availability.
  • InteliFUNDS clears 99 percent of legitimate deposits instantly and isolates the small percentage that carries real risk.
  • INclearing Loss Alerts, apply AI and behavioral analytics to spot suspicious activity that older systems overlook.
  • Consortium Edge connects you to fraud intelligence from leading banks, giving your institution a broader defense against emerging scams.

Ready to strengthen your check fraud prevention strategies?

Schedule a consultation to see how VALID can help your team act faster, investigate smarter, and stop fraud before it becomes a loss.